Friday, January 17, 2014

GALINA SEDOVA’S BULGAKOV. LVIII.


Woland in Disguise.

A Beardo with a Rolly.

 
So, come to me from subterranean fire,
My little devil, my disheveled wit,
And sit near me, and be a parrot
I’ll say, ‘You fool!’ --- you shout back, ‘You fool!’
M. Yu. Lermontov.

…Dressing himself in the rags left for him on the river bank, Ivan picked up the little icon, the candle, and the matches, and made his next move, telling himself: To Griboyedov! No doubt he must be there.
 
“Like Chatsky, from a ship to a ball.” This quote from Pushkin’s Eugene Onegin (referring to a Griboyedov hero) is the best way to characterize Ivan’s decision not to go back home, but to proceed to “The House of the Writer.” Prior to this, was only a preparation for the big number, which explains the choice of the opera and the Polonaise itself. Taken for a “white ghost” at the Griboyedov and still under the demonic influence, the first thing that Ivan does there is look “under the table,” which brings him to the gloomy conclusion that Woland isn’t hiding there. Bulgakov nevertheless reveals that the demonic force is present there, by means of “a voice.” The significance of the “voice” as a familiar Bulgakovian technique will be explained in my chapter Cockroach [Tarakan], analyzing his eponymous horror story, to be posted later. There are two voices in Ivan’s scene we are discussing, a man’s and a woman’s.---
The basso said pitilessly: “A clear thing: delirium tremens.”

We do not know whether Ivan failed to hear the basso voice or just did not get it that the words were about him but he did react to the second “woman’s voice” by explaining that he was “almost apprehended twice.” The fact that he wasn’t apprehended despite looking like a “white ghost,” shows that he was definitely under Woland’s protection, and it had to be Woland who put the idea for Ivan to go to the Griboyedov looking like this, instead of first going home to change, in the first place, thus sending him over to people who apparently know him well enough to give him a recommendation for a psychiatric clinic. But now the most interesting part begins with the appearance of a third voice. Ivan actually turns around to see the man who is talking in his ear, but he does not see him.---

Excuse me, excuse me. Say it more precisely,” sounded a soft and polite voice over the ear of Ivan Nikolayevich. “Killed, say, how’s that? Who killed?

This “voice” appeared right after Ivan’s appeal to his “brothers in literature,” to the effect that “the consultant must be caught who, on Patriarch Ponds, has killed Mischa Berlioz.” Ivan reacts to this soft and polite voice over [his] ear. He does not see the owner of the voice.

A foreign consultant, professor, and spy!” turning around, responded Ivan.
 
What the “voice” had said is crammed with interesting information. By using the words “excuse me,” and not just once but twice, to attract the reader’s attention, Bulgakov totally exposes Woland as the “voice.” (We are dealing with a play on words here. The original repeated Russian word “Vinovat” has two meanings: the general meaning is “Guilty!” and the derivative meaning, such as in this context is “Excuse me.” Hence the double entendre employed by Bulgakov here, and an elucidation of my comment above.)

It was Woland who had told Berlioz that a “Russian woman, a Komsomol member,” was going to cut off his head. Woland mocks Ivan by asking such questions. He had already told Berlioz “how” he would be killed and “who” by. By repeating the words “excuse me” twice, Woland confesses his crime, namely, that it was he, Woland, who arranged the killing of Berlioz, telling both Berlioz and Ivan about it.
The fact that it is only Ivan who can hear this “voice” is shown by Bulgakov’s use of the word “soft.” The littérateurs had already learned about Berlioz’s death prior to the arrival of Ivan. Obviously, the people in a rattled crowd could not hear the “soft voice,” and their impression must have been that Ivan was talking to himself.

And what is his name?” they asked softly into his ear.

Observe that the soft voice first sounds over Ivan’s ear but then right into his ear. It is obvious, I repeat, that Ivan is the only one there who hears this voice. The fact that Woland could remain invisible in this scene, is corroborated by yet another reference to Berlioz. Remember how Berlioz was struck that the professor was repeating verbatim his own arguments to Ivanushka regarding the Gospels on their way to Patriarch Ponds. It could be that the professor [Woland] had been following the pair (Berlioz and Ivan), or even walked right by their side all the way from Bronnaya Street, while remaining invisible, and could hear every word of the conversation between them.

The people who resist the devil interest him and amuse him. Woland became interested in the “virgin” Ivan precisely because of his audacity understandable in a young person. This is the reason, I think, why Woland handled Ivan by himself, chasing him toward the numbers. Indeed, a hunt of sorts is taking place in front of our eyes. The ultimate goal, contained in the prediction that Ivan, as a punishment for his pluck and stupidity, would find himself in a psychiatric clinic, asking the doctor there about schizophrenia, must come true.

[The story of Ivan’s interaction with Woland reminds me of the story of Andrei Fokich, the buffet vendor, whose greed and stupidity push him on his own will into the wolves’ den, and who, having explained to the underlings that he has a business matter to discuss with “Mr. Artist,” gets his wish fulfilled with an extra.] See more about this in my chapter on cannibalism in Master and Margarita.

…When asked about the “consultant’s” name, Ivan “languished” and indeed started acting like a man who had lost his mind. Ivan was “carried away,” so to speak. He started calling people names and fighting them, was restrained and dispatched to the psychiatric clinic. But even there, Woland would not leave Ivan alone, letting him have the rest promised by Professor Stravinsky.

Under the influence of the medications, Ivan is pacified to the extent that he becomes split into two personalities: the “old Ivan” and the “new Ivan.” The new Ivan is no longer interested in the death of Berlioz. He is filled with regret that he had not pumped the “consultant” for more details about Pontius Pilate and Yeshua. The old Ivan keeps on resisting, returning to the key point that the consultant had ‘known in advance’ that Berlioz was going to have his head cut off. Concluding his conversation with the old Ivan the new Ivan asks him:

So then, how do I come out of this in this case?

A fool!” a basso voice responded somewhere, and it did not belong to either Ivan, and sounded uncannily like the voice of the consultant.

Bulgakov says that “Ivan, for some reason, did not take offence for being called a fool, but was even pleasantly surprised, grinned, and quieted down in a semi-slumber.”

Ivan, who had just been arguing to himself about “a personality extraordinary and mysterious one hundred percent, a man personally acquainted with Pontius Pilate,” deemed Woland’s attention to himself as a compliment.

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