Saturday, March 10, 2018

GALINA SEDOVA. A CHAPTER ON BULGAKOV. DCXX



Alpha And Omega.
Posting #7.


“…The lips that have never kissed anyone,
And never talked to anyone, either…

N. S. Gumilev. Gardens of the Soul


N. S. Gumilev has a poem titled Gardens of the Soul, included in the poetry collection Romantic Flowers, where the poet writes:

The gardens of my soul are always fancy-patterned...
The plants in them are uncommon like dreams…
And who will understand the hint of an ancient mystery?
There is a maiden in them in the wreath of a great priestess…

And then Gumilev gives us a portrait of this maiden:

...The eyes are like the glint of pure gray steel,
The brow is exquisite, whiter than the lilies of the Orient,
The lips that have never kissed anyone,
And never talked to anyone, either…

In the character of Yulia Alexandrovna Reise, Bulgakov portrays a sinful woman, like Margarita, yet capable of strong feelings, capable of sacrificing her life in the name of a lofty ideal. In Yulia Reise’s case, it is the cockade on the papakha hat, telling her that the running man is an officer of the Russian army. In Margarita’s case it is the novel Pontius Pilate which caught her interest in master and gave a meaning to her otherwise empty life.
In other words, Bulgakov depicts an earthly woman, whereas Gumilev is showing a mystery with a great priestess in it, with two black panthers guarding her in a mysterious cave, which in Bulgakov changes into the mysterious little house of Nashchokin, which A. S. Pushkin is describing in his letters to his wife Natalia Goncharova.
Gumilev’s poem closes with “gardens”:

...I am not looking at the world of running lines,
My dreams are only obedient to the eternal.
Let the sirocco unleash its fury in the desert.
The gardens of my soul are always fancy-patterned.

These “fancy-patterned gardens” of Gumilev turn into Bulgakov’s “snowy pattern of trees in the garden.”
What remains is another, by no means easy dual puzzle, which Bulgakov loves so much, namely on these 9 pages of the 13th chapter from Bulgakov’s first novel:

“Standing on her knees, the woman bandaged the wounded arm. Then she brought a pillow and a long sweet-smelling Japanese robe with fancy bouquets patterned on it.”

The first thing that came to my mind was the novel of Bulgakov’s contemporary, poet and writer Andrei Bely: Peterburg. But I am starting not with this novel, but with N. S. Gumilev’s poem I believed, I thought, which A. A. Blok liked so much:

...And then I dreamt that my heart was no longer aching,
That it was a porcelain bell in yellow China,
Hanging on a multi-colored pagoda and invitingly jingling...

And here it comes:

...And a meek maiden in a dress of red silks,
Embroidered with wasps, flowers, and dragons,
With her feet drawn, gazes thoughtlessly and dreamlessly,
Attentively listening to the light-light ringing.

This poem comes out of the second part of N. Gumilev’s poetry collection Alien Sky, like another poem She, which I am analyzing here.
Although Bulgakov clearly says “Japanese robe,” I feel it necessary to bring in this poem because it got the attention of Gumilev’s contemporary Blok [see my chapter Strangers in the Night], as the maiden in Gumilev’s poem is a little porcelain doll sitting on a bell.
Considering that the second part of Alien Sky is dedicated to Gumilev’s first wife the poetess Anna Akhmatova. Gumilev’s heart is aching because of his split with Akhmatova, which means that only one interpretation is possible: Gumilev’s heart is indeed a porcelain bell, with a little porcelain doll sitting on top of it.
A. Blok had a good reason for welcoming Gumilev’s poem. By that time his friend Andrei Bely’s novel Peterburg had been published, in which Bely portrays Blok’s wife as a “real Japanese”:

“Sofia Petrovna Likhutina hung her walls with Japanese landscapes showing views of the Mount Fujiyama, and with fresh Japanese chrysanthemums.”

Also Sofia Petrovna is wearing “a pink kimono.” Andrei Bely lodges his heroine in “a small flat with Japanese fans on the walls.”
In a certain way, Bulgakov portrays Yulia Alexandrovna Reise as Sofia Petrovna Likhutina, albeit a more intelligent one. Describing his heroine’s eyes, Bely calls them “huge eyes of dark, blue, dark-blue color.
Although Bulgakov gives Yulia Alexandrovna Reise “black eyes,” he gives another woman, Niza in Pontius Pilate / Master and Margarita, dark-blue eyes. Reminding the reader, Margarita and Niza have the same prototype, which is the Russian poetess Marina Tsvetaeva.
In chapter 26 The Burial Bulgakov writes:

“His [Judas’s] thoughts clouded, he forgot everything else in the world and was looking with pleading eyes into the light-blue, now seeming black eyes of Niza.”

There is another similarity between Niza and Yulia Alexandrovna Reise:

Ah no, no! – replied Niza, capriciously putting out her lower lip…”

And in chapter 13 of White Guard Bulgakov writes about Yulia Alexandrovna Reise:

“Putting out her lips in childish sadness, she was looking into the window.”

And so, “the long, sweet-smelling of old times, Japanese robe with fancy bouquets” probably relates best to the Russian poet and writer Andrei Bely, on account of his novel Peterburg, because of the word “Japanese.” And also it points to the sentence with which Bulgakov closes chapter 13 of White Guard:

“In the morning, around nine o’clock, a chance cabby picked up two passengers – a man in black civilian clothes, very pale, and a woman. The woman was carefully supporting the man, who was clutching her sleeve. She was taking him to Alexeevsky Descent. There was no traffic on the Descent. Except that at the entrance #13 there stood a cabby who had just delivered a strange guest with a suitcase, a bundle, and a cage…”

To be continued…

***



No comments:

Post a Comment