Sunday, March 11, 2018

GALINA SEDOVA. A CHAPTER ON BULGAKOV. DCXXII



Alpha And Omega.
Posting #9.


For a gentleman I was and a gentleman
I will remain forever. Let them kiss.

M. Bulgakov. White Guard.


As soon as the ghost turns into a living body, Bulgakov drops the word ‘apparition’ changing it to ‘unknown,’ which in Bulgakov always means that the person (that is the prototype) hiding behind this word is most certainly very well known.
And the reader must certainly have guessed that the word “unknown” is repeated in the 11th chapter of White Guard also 8 times, like the words “web” and “apparition,” pointing to the Russian poet of the Silver Age Andrei Bely.
The word “unknown/stranger” comes up in the 1st chapter of Master and Margarita, mind you, in its title already: Never Talk to Strangers.
But more of this later in this chapter.
Back in the 3rd chapter of White Guard, Bulgakov uses the word “white” to indicate that Andrei Bely is present in the novel. –

“Two couches [for Myshlayevsky and Karas] were laid with white, and in the room preceding Nikolka’s. Behind two tightly brought together bookcases filled with books. This was how this room was called in the professor’s family: the book room.”

And when I reached the 12th chapter of White Guard, where Bulgakov rooms Lariosik in the book room, I became convinced that the prototype of this personage must be Andrei Bely.
This “apparition,” this “stranger/unknown” gets a name and patronymic on the very next page. He is Illarion Larionych or simply Lariosik, who was dropped by his wife Milochka Rubtsova for her lover after she had robbed Lariosik of 75,000 rubles. He did not protest because, as he explained to Nikolka Turbin, he was a gentleman. –

For a gentleman I was and a gentleman I will remain forever. Let them kiss.

Lariosik’s story is immensely entertaining. But for me, as the reader knows, the most important task was to uncover his prototype and draw appropriate parallels with Master and Margarita.
In the novel White Guard Lariosik diffuses and lightens up the hard situation of the ongoing war by his clumsiness and drollness.
As I already said before, Bulgakov frequently resorts to this tactic, giving features of Andrei Bely to his characters. For instance, in the character of Woland, which prompts me to move to another character in White Guard, namely, V. V. Myshlayevsky.
Waiting for the appearance of the husband of Yelena Turbina in the flat, a different figure shows up: “a tall, broad-shouldered figure in a gray military overcoat to the toe and above the oversized shoulders – the head [sic!] of Lieutenant V. V. Myshlayevsky. The head was very beautiful, with a strange, sad and attractive beauty of an old authentic breed and degeneration. Beauty in the eyes of different color filled with boldness, in the long eyelashes. Aquiline nose, proud lips, white and clean forehead without special marks. But then, one corner of the mouth hangs downward, sadly, and the chin formed somewhat askew as though the sculptor molding a nobleman’s face had been struck by a wild fantasy to bite off a piece of clay leaving the otherwise manly face with a small and ill-formed feminine chin.”

Already in this second chapter of his first novel White Guard Bulgakov provides such details as: “skewing the eyes to the nose”;
“Myshlayevsky was deathly snoring, showing three gold crowns [in his mouth]…”
And in the 14th chapter Bulgakov writes:

“Anyuta pressed [her face] to the window and recognized the face. Myshlayevsky was extremely close to her. The eyes even in the dimly lit porch were splendidly recognizable. The right eye in green sparkles, like an Ural gemstone, the left eye dark… He also became shorter in stature...”

In all this material the researcher has a ton of information. We can imagine and even suppose that Bulgakov knew people like that, that there was such a man among his acquaintances, that Bulgakov indeed saw even in faces of nobility features “of authentic breed and degeneration.” That this was not a literary device explaining that due to the inability of the Russian nobility to control the developing situation, called “a revolutionary situation” in textbooks, when the lower crust does not want and the upper crust is unable to live as before.
Even if we take all of this into consideration, the researcher cannot leave unnoticed in Bulgakov’s depiction of V. V. Myshlayevsky certain similarities with the appearance of Woland. Already in the first chapter of Master and Margarita, according to the reports of presumable eyewitnesses:

“...Later on, when, frankly speaking, it was already too late, different departments presented their reports with descriptions of this man [Woland]. Comparing these reports can cause nothing short of amazement. Thus, the first of them says that this man was of a small [sic!] stature, he had gold teeth and had a limp on his right foot. A second report described him as a man of enormous height, with platinum crowns [in his mouth], with a limp on his left foot. A third one laconically reported that this man had no distinctive characteristics…”

Next, Bulgakov makes it clear that all these reports are good for nothing. The man had no limp, he was neither short, nor enormously tall, just tall, etc. etc.
And in White Guard, chapter 2:

“Appearing before Alexei and Yelena was a tall, broad-shouldered figure in a gray military overcoat to toe and above the enormous shoulders – the head of Lieutenant V. V. Myshlayevsky…”

In other words, the word “enormous” is present in White Guard, but not in relation to height, but to the span of the shoulders.
In the first description of Woland’s appearance in the first chapter of Master and Margarita, Bulgakov writes:

“The mouth somewhat twisted... The right eye black, the left eye for some reason green.”

But there is another description of Woland, this time through the eyes of Margarita in chapter 22 of Master and Margarita: With Candles:

“...Two eyes were peering into Margarita’s face. The right eye, with a golden spark at the bottom, would bore anyone to the soul. The left was empty and black…”

The right eye “with a golden spark at the bottom” was obviously the burning eye which appeared green in daylight.

“Woland’s face was skewed to one side, the right corner of the mouth pulled downward…”

Compare this to the earlier quoted Myshlayevsky’s description in White Guard:

“But then, one corner of the mouth hangs downward, sadly, and the chin cut somewhat askew...”

And even regarding Myshlayevsky’s head, there is an ambiguity about it. In Chapter 22 of Master and Margarita: With Candles Bulgakov writes:

“Woland’s voice was so low that on some syllables it resembled a rasp.”

In chapter 2 of White Guard, I find this:

How do you do! – sang the figure in a raspy tenor.”

This brings to mind right away the words of the Russian poetess Anna Akhmatova:

And Blok, the tragic tenor of the epoch,
Will contemptuously smirk at you…

Yet Bulgakov imposes the “tenor” in Master and Margarita on A. S. Pushkin himself! Try to figure that one out…

To be continued…

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