Wednesday, January 17, 2018

GALINA SEDOVA. A CHAPTER ON BULGAKOV. DXXXI



The Bard. Genesis.
M. A. Berlioz.
Posting #14.


“…Its dying eyes showed the last fury.
[The Head] was gnashing its teeth…
The long suffering was coming to an end…

A. S. Pushkin. Ruslan and Lyudmila.


Having found Lyudmila in a state of charmed sleep, Ruslan hears a familiar voice, the voice of the benign magician Finn: Take heart, Prince! Start on the return journey with the sleeping Lyudmila.
The Heaven’s thunder will rumble against the evil, and in the radiant Kiev the Princess will rise from her enchanted sleep before Prince Vladimir.

For some reason, A. S. Pushkin finds it necessary to repeat the word “ring” twice in his poem Ruslan and Lyudmila:

Ruslan, revived by [Finn’s] voice,
Takes his wife in his embrace,
And in silence, with the dwarf tied to his saddle
Embarks on his [return] journey;
Lyudmila is lying in his arms,
Fresh like spring dawn,
Leaning her calm face
Upon the hero’s shoulder.
The desert wind is playing
With [Lyudmila’s] hair weaved into a ring [sic!]…

This is the first mention of a ring formed by Lyudmila’s hair, followed by the “sacred ring” given to the hero Ruslan by the good magician Finn, so that, when the time comes, Ruslan would touch Lyudmila’s brow with it, and the evil charms would then be lifted. Exactly as it happened. Lyudmila woke up from the cursed sleep induced by the dwarf.
Ruslan is naturally well-disposed, which is the reason, coupled with Ruslan’s love for Lyudmila, his wife, why the good wizard Finn decides to help Ruslan in his quest.
Ruslan’s good-naturedness shows itself in the last scene with the Head, when Ruslan and Lyudmila, with the evil dwarf tied to the saddle, approach the “mound” on their return journey home:

A plain stretches out before them,
With sparingly growing fir trees;
And the round top of a frightful mound
Looms black in the distance
Against the bright blueness [of the sky].
Ruslan looks and figures it out
That they are approaching the Head.
The wonder of wonders is now fully discernible.
The Head gazes with an unmoving eye;
Its hair is like a black forest
Growing on top of the high brow;
The cheeks are lifeless, covered with leaden paleness,
The huge mouth is open, the enormous teeth are constricted…
The last day is already hovering
Over the half-dead Head.

This eerie description of the half-dead Head prompted Bulgakov to write the frightening pages concerning the dead head of Berlioz:

Mikhail Alexandrovich! Woland addressed the head in soft voice, and then the eyelids of the slain man lifted up somewhat, and in his dead face Margarita, shuddering, saw living, full of thought and suffering eyes…”

In this scene, like in many others inspired by great Russian poets, Bulgakov proves that he is a master in his own right…

The brave warrior approached [the Head]
With Lyudmila and with the dwarf behind his back.
He shouted: Hello, Head! I’m here!
Your betrayer has been punished,
Look, here he is, our villain is a prisoner!
And the Prince’s proud words
Suddenly brought the Head back to life,
Awakening its feelings for a moment.
It came back as though from a sleep,
It looked and moaned horribly…

In Bulgakov this is expressed in short but piercing words:

“…The eyelids of the slain man lifted up, and in his dead face Margarita, shuddering, saw eyes very much alive, full of thought and suffering.”

“...It recognized the hero, and with horror
It recognized its brother, its nostrils flared,
A crimson flame still came to life,
And its dying eyes showed the last fury.
It was gnashing its teeth…
The long suffering was coming to an end…
The heavy breathing was weakening…
And soon the Prince and Chernomor
Were witness to an agony of death…
[The Head] rested in eternal sleep.
The knight departed in silence
[Thus displaying the nobility of his nature],
The trembling dwarf behind the saddle
Dared not to breathe, but stirred,
And diligently prayed to demons
In the tongue of black magic.

On his return journey to Kiev, Ruslan, immersed in a dreadful dream [about which later] is slain by one of Lyudmila’s suitors, helped by the wicked witch Naina, the rival of the good wizard Finn:

Farlaf looks in frightened apprehension,
The witch disappears in the fog,
He quietly unsheathes his sword,
Preparing to cut the knight in half
Without a fight… the hero’s horse
Having sensed the foe, stirred up,
Neighed, and stomped the ground. All in vain!
Ruslan does not hear, a dreadful dream
Has burdened him like a heavy load!..

A base murder has been committed.

...Encouraged by the witch,
The traitor with his contemptible hand
Thrice thrusts cold steel into the hero’s chest…
And fearfully gallops away with his precious quarry [Lyudmila].

Here is where Bulgakov is taking his idea of killing Judas from. Pushkin’s word “thrice” can be traced to the Trinity-oriented Christian religion, so do Bulgakov’s triple occurrences and repetitions.

To be continued…

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