Friday, March 23, 2018

GALINA SEDOVA. A CHAPTER ON BULGAKOV. DCLIX



Alpha And Omega.
Posting #46.


All doors are locked, and the keys are given over
By the jailer to the merciless Queen.

Petrarca.


The bundle of keys which master steals from the head nurse of the psychiatric clinic has no connection to Paradise. Master’s tale about this event has no sense in it. I already wrote before that in such a case, had it been true, had the head nurse really lost her bundle of keys, the locks would have been changed immediately.
The real meaning of the keys, and also of the verbal exchange between master and Ivan (So, we sit? –We sit!) can be found in the Russian idiom, where “sitting” means being in prison. And this is exactly what Bulgakov has in mind.
Gumilev was “sitting” before his execution, but, unfortunately, he had no “bundle of keys.”
There is yet another indication of prison in Bulgakov, which is in the 11th chapter: The Splitting of Ivan.

Sleep was crouching toward Ivan when suddenly the barred [balcony door] started soundlessly sliding sideways…

In Chapter 13: The Appearance of the Hero, Bulgakov continues:

So, how did you get here? – asked Ivan. – But the balcony bars have locks!

Using a single word “bars” Bulgakov implies a prison. Chapter 13 closes with the bars as well. –

And before Ivan could regain his composure, the bars shut with a quiet ring, and the guest vanished.

Thus, “a bundle of keys” is linked to prison. Having looked through all my notes in the notebook related to “keys,” I unexpectedly found an answer in three Blokian poems.
The first of them is clearly influenced by the poetry of M. Yu. Lermontov. The epigraph comes from Petrarch:

All doors are locked, and the keys are given over
By the jailer to the merciless Queen.

Blok opens his poem from the 3rd cycle of Verses About a Fair Lady with the words:

A battle gladdens my heart,
I sense the freshness of the battle bliss,
But in my belated rush forward
I am brought down by the heat of enemy cheeks...

In this poem I see M. Yu. Lermontov, his Prisoner of the Caucasus, his poem about prisoners, his Tamara, his Demon, and him himself. Blok continues. –

...But my new captivity is the dearest to me.
I am looking into wakeless darkness,
But into the long coldness of these walls
A wondrous guard descends at times…

Blok will return to this Lermontovian theme in his later poetry collection Faina, in which the poetic cycle A Spell of Fire and Darkness will be marked by an epigraph from Lermontov. [See my chapter Strangers in the Night.]

...He will give me wings and carry me away
And will illuminate and cloud my mind.
And his speech flows sweetly,
But with every sound it wounds the heart…

The last Blokian stanza reveals Lermontov to me:

...The secret of youth lies in it,
And with a slow and sweet poison
He gradually feeds the prisoner,
Having enchanted him with his bottomless glance.

Thus, Blok’s epigraph taken from Petrarca clearly points to a prison, rather than to a psychiatric clinic. Ivan Bezdomny’s prototype was also arrested and sent “farther than Solovki.” S. Yesenin, however, was lucky, he quickly returned from his exile to Moscow, being helped by friends, even though in the lists of some he was counted as an anti-Semite.
And so, the “bundle of keys” is Bulgakov’s indication of the fact that both master [Gumilev] and the poet Bezdomny [Yesenin] had been arrested.
The next Blokian poem explains who the “Queen” is:

There, where a mound of stones rises,
The blue queen of the earth is.
And the queen – pleading and alarmed,
Betrothed to the cold of winters…
He – stands lifeless on the road,
I – toward him, tormented by immortality [sic!]…

This is pure Lermontov! –

I am a madman! You are right, you’re right!
Ridiculous is immortality on earth.
How could I wish for loud glory,
When you are happy in the dust.

And here is Blok again:

...But the immortal forces are in vain –
And the queen has no pity for freedom…
Celebrating the victory of the grave,
The White One gazes into the frosty beyond.

We could have stopped with this poem, as the queen who appears in this poem is in fact the grave who “has no pity for freedom,” that is, for human life.
However, the next two poems are also relevant to master:

I am not expecting early secrets, believe me,
They will not ascend to me.
Shut is the door [sic!] before me
To the mysterious haven.

Blok himself has no keys to open this door. Here we also find the proof that Bulgakov takes this thought from Blok’s poetry, as he is using the word “mysterious”:

“Yes, Ivan Nikolayevich got himself a grateful listener in the person of the mysterious stealer of the keys!”

Also pointing to prison is the following:

Are you a writer? – the poet [Ivanushka] asked interestedly.

[For some reason, researchers aren’t paying attention to the fact that a page earlier Ivan confesses that his verses are monstrous, and promises not to write them anymore. This ought to demonstrate that hiding within the character of Ivan Bezdomny is a real Russian poet. Still, before my present work, the Russian people’s poet S. A. Yesenin was not even considered as Ivan’s prototype.]

“The guest’s face darkened, and he shook his fist at Ivan, saying after that: I am master. He became stern and produced out of the pocket of his hospital robe a totally soiled little black cap with the letter “M embroidered on it in yellow silk. He put the cap on and showed himself to Ivan in profile and en face [sic!], in order to prove that he was master.

In a nutshell, the “bars on the windows,” the “bundle of keys,” and finally, the unmistakable allusion to prisoner mug shots “in profile and en face” prove that the poet Ivan Bezdomny and master are “sitting” in prison.

To be continued…

***



No comments:

Post a Comment