Saturday, February 3, 2018

GALINA SEDOVA. A CHAPTER ON BULGAKOV. DLXII



The Bard.
Barbarian at the Gate.
Professor Kuzmin.
Posting #6.
                                                                                                

“…Incidentally, I had grapes in Moscow as well. I am not talking about things – real grapes! We had been eating grapes, a seed fell down, two seeds. The seeds sprouted, weaving all over the window. feelers, shoots. No grapes growing on it, of course, but the leaf on it was so good! Drying up in winter, covering the whole wall in spring. It was growing in mother’s room…”

Marina Tsvetaeva. N. Goncharova. Life and Work.


In Chapter 21 of Master and Margarita: The Flight, Bulgakov writes:

“The march was played in Margarita’s honor. She was receiving a most solemn reception. Someone goat-legged arrived fast, attached himself to her hand, spread silk on the grass, asked if the Queen had a good swim, suggested she lay down and take some rest, which Margarita did. The goat-legged offered her a glass of champagne. She drank it, and her heart warmed right away.”

Before that, Bulgakov writes about the appearance of the Backenbarter. –

“Judging by how he was catching his breath and hiccupping, he was considerably intoxicated, which was likewise confirmed by the fact that the river was suddenly emitting the smell of cognac.”

Bulgakov takes the idea of the river, champagne, and cognac from Marina Tsvetaeva.
In one of the early poems of the poetry collection Secret Heat (1913) the Russian poetess Marina Tsvetaeva writes:

My poems, written all so early…
Scattered in the dust of bookshops,
Where nobody was taking them, nor takes them,
My poems are like precious wines,
Their time will come.

Although Bulgakov was actively using memoirs and poems of Marina Tsvetaeva in Master and Margarita, he treated her poetry like some lightly intoxicating champagne. At the same time he treated the poetry of A. S. Pushkin (and it is Pushkin whom he depicts as a naked fatso in a black silken top hat) like some “fragrant” (using Bulgakov’s own word in White Guard) cognac. Indeed, Pushkin’s poetry is powerful, but it is for a refined taste.
The fact that they are both – Pushkin and Tsvetaeva – bathing in the same river can be explained through the memoirs of Marina Tsvetaeva:

“Bryusov’s antimusicality [within his poetry], as opposed to the external (local) musicality of a number of his verses, – is the antimusicality of the essence, dryland, absence of a river.”

Marina Tsvetaeva writes that even when she was seventeen, she was praised for her musicality:

...You have more river in you than riverbanks; he [Maximilian Voloshin] is more riverbanks than river. Bryusov, however, was all riverbed, made of granite.

Bulgakov’s champagne springs up in fountains in the 23rd chapter of Master and Margarita: Great Ball at Satan’s:

“Champagne was boiling in bubbles in the three pools... Near them scurried negroes in scarlet wigs, filling flat cups from the pools with silver ladles.”

When Margarita is placed on a platform where Koroviev meets her in darkness, in order to welcome the arriving guests for the ball about to begin, Bulgakov writes:

“...Koroviev and Azazello were standing beside her in ceremonial poses... Something cold was blowing at her back. Margarita looked behind her and saw how fizzing wine [that is, champagne again] was springing from the marble wall behind her and ran into a pool of ice. By her left leg she felt something warm and fluffy. That was Begemot.”

There is some very important information for the researcher here. There are also three persons present in the river scene in Chapter 21: The Flight: the Goat-Legged [Azazello], the Backenbarter [Koroviev], and the Rook, the chauffeur of the brownish-black car taking Margarita through the air back to Moscow. [Kot Begemot. See my chapter Margarita’s Maiden Flight.]

In another place, Bulgakov writes:

“A river was flowing below, and there was no end to this river. Its source, the enormous fireplace, continued feeding it...”

There is a puzzle hidden here. Does Bulgakov want to say that the guests are all poets? And as always in a good detective story, he baffles the sleuth with such names as Gaius Caesar Caligula, Messalina, Malyuta Skuratov.

Champagne wine returns when Frieda appears before the Queen (Margarita). Unlike Goethe’s Gretchen, Frieda is a real-life character. This woman had killed her baby having been raped by her employer. This subject was of special interest to Bulgakov as a physician. The reader must have noticed that Bulgakov is treating the subject absent any kind of sentimentality richly present in Goethe’s Faust. (See my chapter Woland Identity, etc.)
Seeing “gloomy, intrusive eyes of Frieda,” Margarita asks her: “Do you like champagne?
Afterwards, when Margarita needed to fly around the halls again, she –

“–found herself by a pool of an enormous size. A gigantic black Neptune was emitting a wide pink stream from his jaws. A stupefying smell of champagne was rising from the pool. Genuine merriment ruled here. Ladies, laughing, removed their shoes, passed their purses to their escorts or the negroes, and screaming threw themselves into the pool, swallow-style. Pillars of foam were being thrust upwards. The ladies were jumping out of the pool utterly drunk... Margarita’s head began spinning from the smell of the wine, and she was on the verge of leaving when the cat did a number in the pool that made her stay. Begemot made some magic passes in front of Neptune’s mouth and at once all the champagne, hissing and roaring, was drained out of the pool, and Neptune began spewing forth a no longer playful and foamy stream of dark-yellow color. Shrieking with horror, the ladies screamed: “Cognac!” and rushed away from the edge of the pool to behind the columns. In a few seconds the pool was filled up. Spinning triple in the air, the cat crashed into the turbulent cognac...”

And so it follows that the poetry of M. Yu. Lermontov, who serves as the prototype of Kot Begemot, is equal, in Bulgakov’s estimation, to that of A. S. Pushkin. Marina Tsvetaeva was apparently of the same opinion, as she put together the following name-pairs: Pushkin-Lermontov; Goethe-Schiller; Byron and Shelley.

To be continued…

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