Tuesday, February 6, 2018

GALINA SEDOVA. A CHAPTER ON BULGAKOV. DLXVI



The Bard.
Barbarian at the Gate.
Professor Kuzmin.
Posting #10.


“What else outlandish was taking place in Moscow
that night, we do not know.”

M. Bulgakov. Master and Margarita.


Bulgakov is always true to himself. Three pages before the end of Chapter 23: Satan’s Great Ball, he describes Hell somewhat more expansively than he does it in Chapter 5: The Affair At Griboyedov. An explanation of the whole thing is found – kind of – in the 19th chapter of the second part of the novel, titled Margarita, namely, in her “prophetic dream.”
But first things first. At Satan’s Ball –

“It seemed to Margarita that she had flown over a place where she saw mountains of oysters in huge stone ponds. Then she flew over a glass floor with hellish fires burning under it and white hellish cooks running back and forth among them. Then somewhere, as she was already losing comprehension of anything, she saw dark cellars with some sort of lights burning there, where maidens were serving meat sizzling on red-hot coals, where the guests were drinking her health from large tankards. Then she saw white bears playing accordions and dancing Kamarinskaya on a stage. Then she saw a salamander-magician who wouldn’t burn in the fireplace…”

And here is Margarita’s “prophetic dream”:

“…Margarita dreamt of a place unfamiliar to her – hopeless and gloomy under the clouded sky of early spring. She dreamt of a patchy running gray sky, and under it a soundless flock of rooks. Some clumsy little bridge, a muddy spring streamlet under it. Joyless, impoverished semi-bare trees. A single ash tree, and further on amidst the trees, behind some kind of vegetable garden a log structure, either a separately built kitchen or a bathhouse, or else, hell knows what. Everything around so gloomy that one has an urge to hang themselves on that ash tree by the bridge. Not a stir of the wind, not a moving crowd, not a living soul… Here was a hellish place for a living human being! And then, imagine this, the door of this log structure swings open and he appears. Rather far-off, but she could see him distinctly. Dressed in rags, you cannot tell what it is he is wearing. Ruffled hair, unshaven. Eyes sick, alarmed. He is waving his hand, calling her. Drowning in the lifeless air, Margarita ran toward him over the bumps, and then she woke up.”

In this kind of hell there is no foxtrot Halleluiah! anymore. Instead, we find the opening words from the Russian Orthodox prayer Credo, where the general form of I Believe Ya Veryu gives way to the solemn religious form Ya Veruyu:

Ya Veruyu – Mine was a prophetic dream, to which I swear.

What a metamorphosis! Just a page before Bulgakov called Margarita “a witch”! Bulgakov writes:

“She needed him, master… She loved him, she was telling the truth…”

Here M. Bulgakov is following M. Yu. Lermontov’s long poem Demon, where the Angel of God carrying Tamara’s soul to Heaven tells Demon:

She suffered and she loved,
And Paradise opened to her.”

Which finally brings me to the three Abrau-Dyurso labels. Which means AD [Hell] in Bulgakov.
Why does a sister of mercy take away these labels?

I will put away the money – said the sister in a man’s basso. – These have no business lying around here. She raked the labels with a bird’s [sparrow’s] paw and started melting in the air.”

In order to solve this puzzle, we once again turn to the memoirs of the Russian poetess Marina Tsvetaeva. Considering that Professor Kuzmin’s prototype is the Russian poet V. Ya. Bryusov, he must have some connection to A. S. Pushkin, just like M. A. Berlioz and N. I. Bosoy.
I’ve been struck by the last two paragraphs in the 18th chapter The Hapless Visitors.
The penultimate paragraph ends with the words: “In the window it was night already.”
The last paragraph begins with the words: “What else outlandish was taking place in Moscow that night, we do not know.”
For some reason, Bulgakov tries to draw the researcher’s attention to the word “night,” perhaps reminding us that while editing Pushkin’s works for a new edition, Bryusov “completed” Pushkin’s Egyptian Nights, according to Marina Tsvetaeva, who writes this:

“Bryusov completing [Pushkin’s] Egyptian Nights is a plot [against Pushkin] with adequate or inadequate means. What caused it? A passion for the limit, for the semantic and graphic dash mark. Alien by all his nature to mystery, he does not honor it, and does not sense it [the mystery] within the unfinished state of a creation. Pushkin did not have a chance to do it, so I [Bryusov] will bring it to completion. A barbarian’s gesture. For, in some cases to ‘complete’ is no less, but maybe even more barbarity than to destroy.”

Having remembered and reread this passage, I decided to reread Pushkin’s Egyptian Nights, an overall prosaic work in three chapters about a poet visited by inspiration.

“Charsky’s soul was immersed in sweet oblivion” when a stranger glanced into his study. He was an Italian artist of improvisation. The next day Charsky paid him a visit intending to help him in his abject poverty by arranging a séance of improvisation for him at the ticket price of ten rubles. With this purpose in mind, Charsky gave the Italian a test of how good he really was at improvisation, offering him a free subject. “The crowd has no right to control the poet’s inspiration; the poet must choose subjects for his songs himself.” Accompanying himself on the guitar, the Italian started his improvisation. Pushkin quotes “the ardent stanzas” of the Italian “freely rendered by one of Charsky’s friends retaining them in his memory.” Here Blok would say that Pushkin was “weaving lace.”
A picture comes out clear, as Charsky, according to Pushkin, found himself in that state of spirit “when verses easily lie down under your quill and sonorous rhymes are running to meet a well-shaped thought.”
Isn’t this a description of an improvisation by Pushkin? And isn’t he describing himself?
The Italian poet starts improvising, comparing the poet “who has chosen a sublime subject for his inspired chants” to the wind, an eagle, etc. –

Why is the wind whirling in the ravine?
Why from the mountains past the turrets
An eagle flies, heavy and frightening,
Onto a decrepit tree stump? Ask him!..

And here it comes:

“…Why does the young Desdemona love her Moor,
Like the crescent loves the darkness of the night?..

And now he answers his own questions:

...Because the wind and the eagle
And the maiden’s heart knows no law.
Such is the poet. Eagle-like he flies,
And asking no one, he chooses,
Like Desdemona,, an idol for his heart.

Clearly, A. S. Pushkin writes about poetry here, who, as he justifiably believes, had chosen him. Pushkin was, is, and will forever be the best of Russian poets, having exerted an exorbitant influence on the subsequent generations of Russian writers and poets.

To be continued…

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