Wednesday, August 23, 2017

GALINA SEDOVA. A CHAPTER ON BULGAKOV. CCCLXXXXVI



Blok’s Women. Lenore.
Posting 2.


…Blok opens his enchanting “Poe-ish” poem with words which immediately put everything in its place.

It was an autumn evening. To the glassy accompaniment of rain,
I was trying to resolve the same – painful question,
When into my study, enormous and foggy,
Walked in that same gentleman, behind him – a shaggy dog…

These four lines already contain a lot of information. The gentleman in Blok’s poem is clearly a character from one of Poe’s works. The word “foggy” points to it. In the poem about the “Incomparable Lady,” Blok inserts himself into it, “in a blue cloak.” Blok’s “blue” is the color of smoke, which is derived from the great Russian mystic N. V. Gogol, about whom the immortal Yesenin once quipped: “We know how to blow Gogol and smoke.
In other words, “smoke” and “blue” in Blok indicate the poet’s fantasy, when his poetry imagination starts running wild. As Blok himself writes in a 1906 poem –

I am blue like the smoke of [church] incense…

Blok is telling us here how he is writing this poem, sitting in his study and musing about the poetry and life of Edgar Allan Poe and about Poe’s poem Lenore, thus creating company for himself in his loneliness.

…Tiredly, the guest seated himself into the armchair by the fire,
And his dog lay down on the rug…

The oddness of this whole poem notwithstanding, it is the dog who poses the biggest puzzle. M. Bulgakov introduces the dog named Banga in his sub-novel Pontius Pilate inside the novel Master and Margarita, where the dog serves as the companion of the Roman Procurator. We will return to this theme later on.

…The guest politely said: Isn’t that enough for you?
Before the Genius of Fate, it’s time to yield, Sir!...

From this moment on, Blok’s thoughts are divided between his own and his guest’s:

…But in old age [sic!] there’s a return of both youth and ardor…
Thus I began, but he urgently interrupted:
But she is as she was: Lenore of the insane Edgar [underlined by Blok]…
There’s no return. – Some more? Now I have said it all.

Blok raises this theme already in 1906, opening his poem with the following words:

Years have passed, but you are just the same:
Stern, beautiful, and clear;
It’s just the hair that has been somewhat smoother,
And there’s a sparkle of gray in them…
No, we have not been changed by the years…
And remembering, we kept them alive,
Those fabulous years

The words “fabulous years” are stressed by Blok and they are taken from a Tyutchev poem which serves as the epigraph to Blok’s poem:

I knew her back then,
In those fabulous years…
Tyutchev.

And in the poem The Double from the poetry cycle Frightful World (1909-1916) Blok writes:

And I started dreaming of youth,
And of you, of you, like you were alive…
And I started being carried away by my fantasy
Away from the wind, the rain, the darkness…

And in brackets Blok writes:

“(Thus comes back in a dream one’s early youth,
But you – will you come back?)”

In other words, the same theme of return. Although seemingly, this theme for some reason interests Blok, he strongly doubts that a return of things like they had been before would be possible. Already in the 1902 4th cycle of the Verses About a Fair Lady he takes the following words from A. N. Ostrovsky’s Snegurochka for his epigraph:

“There is no return for the sun.”
Ostrovsky’s Snegurochka.

And here is Blok’s poem itself. Note how it develops the theme of the Apocalypse:

Look how the sun’s caresses
Are cuddling the stern cross in the blue.
Thus near the dusk, [the cross] like ourselves
Yields itself to these caresses,
Knowing that there’s no return for the sun
Back from the advancing darkness.
The sun will set, and stopping in our tracks
We’ll quieten down, the cross will lose its light,
And come back to our senses while retreating
Into the cold calmness of the pale stars.

Returning to the same theme in the next poem from the 4th cycle of the Verses About a Fair Lady (1902), Blok’s next epigraph is taken from the New Testament:

The Spirit and the Bride say: Come.
The Apocalypse.”

Blok goes on:

I believe in the Sun of the Testament,
I see dawns ahead…
Quivering are the streams
Of the inconceivable light.
I believe in the Sun of the Testament,
I see Your eyes.

Thus Blok closes this theme optimistically, as he welcomes the coming of Christ (as suggested by his use of the capital Y in Your).


To be continued…

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